RESUMO
The neotropical palm Euterpeprecatoria is subject to extraction for its valuable palm heart. The development of management and conservation practices for this species requires understanding of its population structure, dynamics, and traditional use across the range of environments it inhabits, from different successional stages in continuous forest to forest fragments. Here, we analyzed how the population structure of E. precatoria varies with successional stage, fragmentation, and exposure to extraction, Since E. precatoria recruitment increases with disturbance, we expected seedling density to be higher in secondary forests and fragments relative to primary forests. The study was conducted from 2007-2008 in the Caribbean Slope of Costa Rica at Braulio Carrillo National Park (BCNP), La Selva Biological Station (LSBS), Manú Center, and Finca El Progreso (FEP). The first two sites had continuous primary and secondary forests (BCNP had one extracted primary forest); the last two consisted of primary forest fragments. Population structure was variable, with greater densities in the extracted primary forest, and in the secondary forests, as compared to primary forests and fragments. Palms < 5 m across all sites represented 50-90% of the total number of individuals. In sites that suffered historical over-extraction, local communities have lost the tradition of consuming this species. Understanding how population dynamics is affected by extraction and succession is essential to the design of sustainable management programs rooted in community participation.
Assuntos
Arecaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Atividades Humanas , Árvores/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Costa Rica , Humanos , Densidade DemográficaRESUMO
The neotropical palm Euterpe precatoria is subject to extraction for its valuable palm heart. The development of management and conservation practices for this species requires understanding of its population structure, dynamics, and traditional use across the range of environments it inhabits, from different successional stages in continuous forest to forest fragments. Here, we analyzed how the population structure of E. precatoria varies with successional stage, fragmentation, and exposure to extraction. Since E. precatoria recruitment increases with disturbance, we expected seedling density to be higher in secondary forests and fragments relative to primary forests. The study was conducted from 2007-2008 in the Caribbean Slope of Costa Rica at Braulio Carrillo National Park (BCNP), La Selva Biological Station (LSBS), Manú Center, and Finca El Progreso (FEP). The first two sites had continuous primary and secondary forests (BCNP had one extracted primary forest); the last two consisted of primary forest fragments. Population structure was variable, with greater densities in the extracted primary forest, and in the secondary forests, as compared to primary forests and fragments. Palms <5m across all sites represented 50-90% of the total number of individuals. In sites that suffered historical over-extraction, local communities have lost the tradition of consuming this species. Understanding how population dynamics is affected by extraction and succession is essential to the design of sustainable management programs rooted in community participation.
La palma neotropical Euterpe precatoria sufre un proceso de extracción ilegal debido al sabor y calidad de su palmito. El desarrollo de prácticas de manejo y conservación de esta especie requiere de la comprensión de su estructura y dinámica poblacional en los diferentes ambientes que coloniza. Analizamos cómo la estructura poblacional de E. precatoria varió con el estadio sucesional, la fragmentación y la exposición a la extracción. Esperábamos que la densidad de plántulas fuera mayor en bosques secundarios y fragmentos en relación con los bosques primarios. El estudio se realizó entre 2007-2008 en la vertiente del Caribe de Costa Rica en el Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, la Estación Biológica La Selva, el Centro Manú y la Finca El Progreso. Los dos primeros sitios tenían bosques primarios y secundarios continuos (Braulio Carrillo tenía además un bosque primario extraído), mientras que los dos últimos representaban fragmentos de bosques primarios con una historia previa de extracción. La mayor densidad de plántulas se encontró en el bosque primario extraído y en los bosques secundarios, mientras que las palmas reproductivas fueron más comunes en los bosques primarios y en los fragmentos. Las palmas <5m en todos los sitios representaron el 50-90% del número total de individuos. En los sitios que históricamente sufrieron sobre-extracción, las comunidades perdieron la tradición de consumir esta especie. Comprender los factores que afectan la estructura poblacional es esencial para el diseño de programas de gestión sostenible basados en la participación comunitaria.
